Construction is among the most dangerous industries in the United States employing only 8 percent of the work force but responsible for more than 21 percent of all occupational fatalities. Competition and abundant small employers make OSHA compliance a primary motivation for employers to improve safety and health conditions. Reviewing frequently-cited OSHA violations can help understand the construction occupations at greatest risk and target their leading causes of injuries and illnesses. This presentation will offer discussion of some significant safety (falls, struck-by) and health (silica, metals) hazards and preventive/corrective measures.